MultiOMICs landscape of SARS-CoV-2

MultiOMICs landscape of SARS-CoV-2-induced host responses in human lung epithelial cells.

Pinto SM, Subbannayya Y, Kim H, Hagen L, Górna MW, Nieminen AI, Bjørås M, Espevik T, Kainov D, Kandasamy RK.

iScience (2022) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.105895

COVID-19 pandemic continues to remain a global health concern due to the emergence of newer variants. Several multiOmics studies have produced extensive evidence on host-pathogen interactions and potential therapeutic targets. Nonetheless, an increased understanding of host signaling networks regulated by post-translational modifications and their ensuing effect on the cellular dynamics is critical to expanding the current knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 infections. Through an unbiased transcriptomics, proteomics, acetylomics, phosphoproteomics, and exometabolome analysis of a lung-derived human cell line, we show that SARS-CoV-2 Norway/Trondheim-S15 strain induces time-dependent alterations in the induction of type I IFN response, activation of DNA damage response, dysregulated Hippo signaling, among others. We identified interplay of phosphorylation and acetylation dynamics on host proteins and its effect on the altered release of metabolites, especially organic acids and ketone bodies. Together, our findings serve as a resource of potential targets that can aid in designing novel host-directed therapeutic strategies.

Maria Górna contributed the analysis of structural models of SARS-CoV-2 proteins - mapped the identified phosphorylation sites and interpreted their possible role in the viral infection and immune defense.